Wenner-Gren International Series, volume 83
The Formative Years of Scholars

Edited by Ulrich Teichler (University of Kassel, Germany)

Preface

Contributors

Abbreviations

1

Per aspera ad astra? The formative years of scholars

by Ulrich Teichler

1–7

2

Changes of the knowledge system and their implication for the formative stage of scholars: experiences in the natural sciences

By Jens Erik Fenstad

9–17

3

The academic profession in a knowledge society

By Peter Scott

19–30

4

A European employment market for researchers: challenges and achievements

By Raffaele Liberali

31–40

5

Changing funding modes for junior scholars

By Indra Willms-Hoff

41–49

6

Brain drain: what we know and what we do not know

By Bernd Wächter

51–66

7

Doctoral education in Europe and North America: a comparative analysis

By Barbara M. Kehm

67–78

8

The changing nature of doctoral programmes

By Janet Metcalfe

79–84

9

The binding and unbinding of academic careers

By Jürgen Enders and Marc Kaulisch

85–95

10

The role of co-operation and mobility in the formative years

By Gunnar Öquist

97–103

11

What skills and knowledge should a PhD have? Changing preconditions for PhD education and post doc work

By Göran Melin and Kerstin Janson

105–118

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